Tim e vias urinarias: Rins

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/solitary-kidney/Pages/facts.aspx
Picture of urinary tract in an outline of the top half of a human body. Inset of one kidney and the bladder and one kidney, nonworking kidney, and the bladder.

Picture of urinary tract in an outline of the top half of a human body. Inset of one kidney and the bladder and one kidney, nonworking kidney, and the bladder.

Albuminuria

http://www.terracha.com.br/medicina_alternativa/albuminuria/#more-259

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/albuminuria

http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/34/Supplement_2/S325.full

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2941636/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microalbuminuria

https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2012/197/4/chronic-kidney-disease-and-measurement-albuminuria-or-proteinuria-position

http://www.kdigo.org/meetings_events/pdf/201203_MacIsaac.pdf

http://patient.info/doctor/Microalbuminuria

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/search?author1=Ron+T.+Gansevoort&sortspec=date&submit=Submit

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/17/11/2974.full

Alimentaçao nas doenças renais

http://www.pcrm.org/health/health-topics/nutrition-and-renal-disease

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002442.htm

http://www.renal.org/guidelines/modules/nutrition-in-ckd#sthash.UgL2BiHm.dpbs

http://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/kidney-friendly-diet-ckd/?referrer=https://www.google.pt/

http://www.kidney.ca/document.doc?id=305

Alport

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alport_syndrome

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238260-overview

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alport-syndrome

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000504.htm

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/alport

http://alportsyndrome.org/alport-syndrome/alport-syndrome-diagnosis/

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alport-syndrome/

http://patient.info/doctor/alports-syndrome

Alstrom

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alstrom-syndrome

https://www.alstrom.org/what-is-alstrom/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alstr%C3%B6m_syndrome

http://www.omim.org/entry/203800

http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=64

http://www.healthline.com/health/alstrom-syndrome#Diagnosis4

http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v15/n12/full/5201933a.html

http://www.deafblindinternational.org/about_alstrom.html

Amiloidose e doenças renais

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/amyloidosis-and-kidney-disease/Pages/facts.aspx

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/17/12/3458.full

http://www.kidneyurology.org/Library/Kidney_Health/Amyloidosis_and_Kidney_Disease.php

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/amyloidosis/basics/complications/con-20024354

Amiloidose renal

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/246221-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloidosis

Anemias nas doenças renais

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/anemia-in-kidney-disease-and-dialysis/Pages/facts.aspx

http://patient.info/doctor/anaemia-in-chronic-kidney-disease

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/what_anemia_ckd

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1389854-overview

http://dpcedcenter.org/what-you-need-know-about-anemia-and-kidney-disease

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/23/10/1631.full
Figure 1.

Anomalias cloacais

http://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/vaginal-abnormalities-cloacal-abnormalities

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/933717-overview

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3418031/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_cloaca

Anuria. Oliguria

http://www.terracha.com.br/medicina_alternativa/anuria/#more-399

https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olig%C3%BAria

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anuria

http://www.vumc.nl/afdelingen-themas/41463/27797/2089686/8380425/8879008/Lit2.pdf

http://www.victorjtemple.com/Renal%20Failure%20Overview%20PPP%203.pdf

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3992355/

http://www.ihealthblogger.com/2014/09/anuria-definition-causes-symptoms-and.html

http://study.com/academy/lesson/anuria-definition-causes-symptoms-treatment.html

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243492-differential

http://www.terracha.com.br/medicina_alternativa/anuria/#more-3994

Bartter

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238670-overview
Normal transport mechanisms in the thick ascending

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartter_syndrome

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/bartter-syndrome

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000308.htm

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/bartters-syndrome/

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/congenital-renal-transport-abnormalities/bartter-syndrome-and-gitelman-syndrome

https://www.orpha.net/data/patho/GB/uk-Bartter.pdf

http://www.omim.org/entry/607364

Berger

Ver nefropatia a IgA

Biopsia renal

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/diagnostic-tests/biopsy-kidneys/Pages/kidney-biopsy.aspx

http://www.healthline.com/health/renal-biopsy#Recovery4

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003907.htm
Renal biopsy

http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/kidney-biopsy/basics/definition/prc-20018979

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2093338-overview

Crescimento nas doenças renais

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/growth-failure-in-children-with-kidney-disease/Pages/facts.aspx

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/growth-failure-in-children

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/984358-treatment

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2013/970946/

Disgenesia tubular

http://omim.org/entry/267430

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/renal-tubular-dysgenesis

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/17/8/2253.full

http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case110/dx.html

http://ckj.oxfordjournals.org/content/5/1/56.full

Disuria

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysuria

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/symptoms-of-genitourinary-disorders/dysuria

http://patient.info/doctor/dysuria

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/dysuria.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/dysuria/article_em.htm

http://www.webmd.com/women/dysuria-causes-symptoms

http://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0901/p865.html

http://www.drugs.com/health-guide/dysuria.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/painful-urination/basics/definition/sym-20050772

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/symptoms-of-genitourinary-disorders/dysuria

http://patient.info/doctor/dysuria

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK291/

http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articl

Doença da membrana basal

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/Thin-Basement-Membrane-Disease

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_basement_membrane_disease

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238413-overview

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/17/3/813.full

http://www.edren.org/pages/edreninfo/glomerular-basement-membrane-disorders.php

http://www.livestrong.com/article/550871-diet-for-a-person-with-thin-basement-membrane-syndrome/

Doenças cronicas do rim

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/chronic_kidney_disease

http://www2.kidney.org/professionals/KDOQI/guidelines_ckd/toc.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-disease/basics/definition/con-20026778

https://www.kidney.org/kidneydisease/aboutckd

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/chronic_kidney_disease/article_em.htm

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000471.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_kidney_disease

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/chronic-kidney-disease-topic-overview

http://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease/?referrer=https://www.google.pt/

http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-disease-chronic/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://www.davita.com/kidney-disease/overview/stages-of-kidney-disease/stage-3-of-chronic-kidney-disease/e/4749

Encefalopatia urémica

http://websistemanervoso-links.blogspot.pt/2013/09/links-gerais.html

Enurese

http://www.medicinenet.com/bedwetting/article.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/bedwetting/page12_

http://www.medecine-et-sante.com/pediatrie/pi

http://www.medicineonline.com/articles/B/2/Bedwetting/Enuresis.html

Estenose sa artéria renal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_artery_stenosis

http://www.medicinenet.com/renal_artery_stenosis/article.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245023-overview

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/380308-overview

http://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/renal-artery-stenosis-symptoms-treatments

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/renal-artery-stenosis/basics/definition/con-20036702

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/renal-artery-stenosis-ras/Pages/facts.aspx
Drawing of the kidneys with an insert showing a magnified cross-section of the renal artery with plaque building up on the inner wall

Drawing of the kidneys with an insert showing a magnified cross-section of the renal artery with plaque building up on the inner wall

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000204.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/renal_artery_stenosis/article_em.htm

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/blood-vessel-disorders-of-the-kidneys/blockage-of-the-renal-arteries

http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/disorders/renal_artery_disease

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953218/

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/nephrogenic-systemic-fibrosis

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nephrogenic-systemic-fibrosis/basics/definition/con-20036311

http://www.icnfdr.org/

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/18/10/2636.full

Fibrose nefrogenica sistémica

http://www.icnfdr.org/

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1097889-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrogenic_systemic_fibrosis

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/1001/p711.html

Gitelman

http://omim.org/entry/263800

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/g/gitelman_syndrome/intr

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitelman_syndrome

http://www.ojrd.com/content/3/1/22

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/gitelman-syndrome

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/gitelman-syndrome/

http://www.nature.com/ki/journal/v59/n2/full/4492074a.html

http://qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/103/10/741

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/749077

Glomerulonefrite

O termo glomerulonefrite abarca as doenças glomerulares

A glomerulonefrite ràpidamente progressiva pode levar à morte nalguns meses

A glomerulonefrite crónica é uma doença a longo termo que pode levar anos ou décadas a desenvolver-se

Quanto à natureza sãs lesões podem ser difusas, locais ou segmentares

Também podem ser com alterações mínimas ou proliferativas

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glomerulonephritis/basics/definition/con-20024691

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/777272-overview

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000484.htm

http://www.healthline.com/health/glomerulonephritis#Treatments5

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/glomerul

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulonephritis

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/glomerulonephritis/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/kidney-filtering-disorders/glomerulonephritis-(nephritic-syndrome)

http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/nephrology/glomerulonephritis.html

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239278-overview

http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/urinary/glomerulonephritis.html

http://www.healthline.com/health/glomerulonephritis#Treatments5

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/glomerul

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000495.htm

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/kidney-filtering-disorders/glomerulonephritis-(nephritic-syndrome)

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239278-overview

http://www.healthcommunities.com/acute-glomerulonephritis-agn/index.shtml

Glomerulonefrite rapidamente progressiva

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/240457-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapidly_progressive_glomerulonephritis

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/glomerular-disorders/rapidly-progressive-glomerulonephritis-(rpgn)

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000484.htm

http://ckj.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/02/19/ckj.sfv008.full

Glomeruloesclerose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulosclerosis

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/glomerulosclerosis

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000478.htm

http://www.davita.com/kidney-disease/overview/symptoms-and-diagnosis/what-is-glomerulosclerosis?/e/4737

Glomeruloesclerose focal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_segmental_glomerulosclerosis

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000478.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245915-overview

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/focal

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/glomerulosclerosis

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/glomerular-disorders/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fsgs/basics/definition/con-20035722

Goodpasture

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/240556-overview

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000142.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodpasture_syndrome

www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/goodpasture-syndrome

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/goodpasture-syndrome/Pages/facts.aspx

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/goodpasture

http://www.healthline.com/health/goodpasture-syndrome

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Goodpastures_Syndrome

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/diffuse-alveolar-hemorrhage-and-pulmonary-renal-syndrome/goodpasture-syndrome

http://patient.info/doctor/goodpastures-syndrome

http://www.edren.org/pages/edreninfo/goodpastures-anti-gbm-disease/goodpastures-disease-more-info.php

Hematuria

http://www.turner-white.com/rcs/apr07/rcs_apr07_hematuria.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/blood_in_urine/article.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematuria

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/981898-overview

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/artic

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/blood-in-urine/basics/definition/con-20032338

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/hematuria-blood-in-the-urine/Pages/facts.aspx

http://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/hematuria

Hematuria familiar benigna

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/benign_familial_hematuria.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_basement_membrane_disease

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/hematuria-benign-familial/

http://www.omim.org/entry/141200

Hidronefrose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydronephrosis

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/obstruction-of-the-urinary-tract/urinary-tract-obstruction

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000506.htm

http://www.healthline.com/health/unilateral-hydronephrosis

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/436259-overview

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/hydronephrosis

http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hydronephrosis/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://www.medicinenet.com/hydronephrosis/article.htm

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/obstruction-of-the-urinary-tract/urinary-tract-obstruction

Hidronefrose antenatal

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1016305-overview

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3658301/

http://www.stlouischildrens.org/diseases-conditions/antenatal-hydronephrosihttps://urology.ucsf.edu/patient-care/children/Hydronephrosis

http://radiopadia.org/articles/fetal-hydronephrosis

http://www.infokid.org.uk/antenatal-hydronephrosis

Insuficiencia renal aguda

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-failure/basics/definition/con-20024029

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_kidney_injury

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_artery_stenosis

http://www.medicinenet.com/kidney_failure/article.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/acute_kidney_failure/article_em.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243492-overview

http://www.healthline.com/health/acute-kidney-failure

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000501.htm

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/AcuteKidneyInjury

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/1001/p631.html

Tratamento

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/atozTopic_Brochures

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/kidney-failure-choosing-a-treatment-thats-right-for-you/Pages/facts.aspx

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/treatment-methods-for-kidney-failure-in-children/Pages/facts.aspx

Insuficiencia renal cronica

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-disease/basics/definition/con-20026778

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/urologie/insuffisance-renale-chronique.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_kidney_disease

http://www2.kidney.org/professionals/KDOQI/guidelines_ckd/toc.htm

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/108/17/2154.full

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1918879-overvi

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/chronic_kidney_disease/article_em.htm

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/urologie/insuffisance-renale-chronique.asp

Nefrectomia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrectomy

http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/nephrectomy/basics/definition/prc-20014271

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/448878-overview

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/nephrectomy

http://www.kidneycancer.org/knowledge/learn/surgical-treatment/

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003001.htm

Nefrite intersticial

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_nephritis

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/kidney-filtering-disorders/tubulointerstitial-nephritis.

http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/1/8.full

http://www.nature.com/ki/journal/v60/n2/full/4492487a.html

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243597-overview

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000464.htm

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0615/p2527.html

http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/interstitial-nephritis/symptoms.html

http://patient.info/doctor/interstitial-nephritides-and-nephrotoxins

Nefrite do lupus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_nephritis

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/15/2/241.full

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/330369-overview

http://www.webmd.com/lupus/lupus-nephritis

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/lupus-nephritis/Pages/index.aspx

http://www.healthline.com/health/lupus-nephritis

http://www.medicinenet.com/lupus_nephritis_treatment/views.htm

http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/15/2/241.full

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/glomerular-disorders/lupus-nephritis

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/lupus

http://www.mollysfund.org/2014/02/lupus-nephritis/

Nefrocalcinose

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/379449-overview
Axial computed tomography scans obtained from a pa

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/medullary-nephrocalcinosis

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000492.htm

https://www.zocdoc.com/answers/17936/what-is-medullary-nephrocalcinosis-how-can-it-be-treated

http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/7/1080.full

http://www.learningradiology.com/archives2013/COW%20546-Medullary%20Nephrocalcinosis/mednephrocorrect.html

https://sonoworld.com/CaseDetails/Medullary_nephrocalcinosis_due_to_medullary_sponge_kidney.aspx?ModuleCategoryId=301

http://barttersite.org/nephrocalcinosis/

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/n/nephrocalcinosis/intro.htm

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0104-42302012000300004&script=sci_arttext

Nefropatia dos analgésicos

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000482.htm

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/analgesic-nephropathy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analgesic_nephropathy

http://patient.info/doctor/Analgesic-Nephropathy.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243597-clinical

http://www.nature.com/ki/journal/v72/n4/full/5002251a.html

Nefropatia diabetica

http://webpatologia.blogspot.pt/2014/06/diabetes.html

Nefropatia hipertensiva

http://webcorvasossangue.blogspot.pt/2014/06/hipertensao-e-hipotensao.html

Nefropatia a IgA

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/artic

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-to

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgA_nephropathy

http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/mil/vol27_1_98/mil11198.h

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239927-overvie

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/iga-ne

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/iganeph

http://www.igansupport.org/faqs.html

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/glomerular-disorders/immunoglobulin-a-nephropathy-(iga-nephropathy)

http://patient.info/doctor/iga-nephropathy-bergers-disease-pro

http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/iga-nephropathy

http://www.kidney.org.uk/help-and-information/medical-information-from-the-nkf-/kidney-diseases-index/medical-info-kidney-disease-iga/

http://www.healthline.com/health/thromboangiitis-obliterans#ReadThisNext8

http://nephcure.org/livingwithkidneydisease/understanding-glomerular-disease/other-glomerular-diseases/iga-nephropathy/

Nefropatia a IgA e autoimunidade

http://www.igansupport.org/faqs.html

http://nephcure.org/livingwithkidneydisease/understanding-glomerular-disease/other-glomerular-diseases/iga-nephropathy/

http://patient.info/doctor/iga-nephropathy-bergers-disease-pro

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgA_nephropathy

Nefropatia química

http://tpx.sagepub.com/content/32/2_suppl/71.full.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotoxicity

Nefropatias congénitas

http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=69063

http://patient.info/doctor/inherited-kidney-diseases

http://www.nature.com/ki/journal/v67/n1/full/4495051a.html#close

http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/31090.pdf

Ver SINDROMA NEFROTICO CONGENITO

Nefrose

Ver Sindroma nefrótico

Nefrostomia

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/445893-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrostomy

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1821504-overview

http://www.drugs.com/cg/nephrostomy-tube-care.html

http://www.insideradiology.com.au/pages/view.php?T_id=87#.VqIi-SqLTIU

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007375.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3312169/

http://www.nhs.uk/ipgmedia/National/Macmillan%20Cancer%20Support/assets/NephrostomyMCS5pages.pdf

http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=ureteralnephro

Nocturia

http://www.enbuenasmanos.com/la-nocturia

http://ww.healthline.com/health/urination-excessive-at-night

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Bladder_Irritating_Foods/hic_nocturia

http://patient.info/doctor/nocturia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturia

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/731730_5

http://www.nafc.org/nocturia/

https://www.asn-online.org/education/distancelearning/curricula/geriatrics/Chapter19.pdf

https://www.bladderandbowelfoundation.org/bladder/bladder-conditions-and-symptoms/nocturia/

http ://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316869.php

Poliuria

http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/frequent-urination/basics/causes/sym-20050712?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=housecall

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyuria

http://www.healthline.com/health/urination-excessive-volume

http://patient.info/doctor/polyuria

http://www.diabetes.co.uk/symptoms/polyuria.html

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/symptoms/polyuria/causes.htm

Prune- Belly

http://rarediseases.about.com/cs/prunebellysynd/a/032302.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/412372-overview

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/447619-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prune_belly_syndrome

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prune_belly_syndrome

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69912004000600013

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/prune-belly-syndrome/

http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=2970

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/Encyclopedia/Content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P03105

Ptose doe rins

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319473.php?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=weekly-hcp

Quistos renais

http://www.kidneyurology.org/articles/KidneyCysts.php

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/polycystic-kidney-disease-pkd/Pages/facts.aspx

Diagram of a healthy kidney on the right and a polycystic kidney on the left. The polycystic kidney has fluid-filled sacs on the surface. The ureter and cysts are labeled.

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000502.htm

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorder

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_kidney_disease

http://www.healthcommunities.com/common/ad_disclaimer.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polycystic-kidney-disease/basics/definition/con-20028831

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/377154-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_kidne

http://patient.info/doctor/autosomal-recessive-polycystic-kidney-disease

http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/radiographics.20.3.g00ma20837

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318641.php?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=daily-hcp

Rim ectópico

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/ectopic-kidney/Pages/facts.aspx

Drawing of a pelvic ectopic kidney, showing the pelvis, bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The kidney on the right is in the normal position, several inches above the bladder. The kidney on the left is an ectopic kidney, just a couple of inches above the bladder.

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ectopic-kidney-1

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pelvic-kidney

http://www.kidneyurology.org/Library/Kidney_Health/Ectopic_Kidney.php

http://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/ectopic-kidney.htm

Rim em esponja

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/379323-overview

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982470-overview

http://patient.info/doctor/medullary-sponge-kidney

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/medullary-sponge-kidney-msk/Pages/index.aspx

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_sponge_kidney

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/medullary-sponge-kidney/

http://kidneystones.uchicago.edu/the-diagnostic-dilemma-of-medullary-sponge-kidney/

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/kidneys-medullary-sponge-kidney

Rim em ferradura

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_kidney

http://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=horseshoe-kidney-90-P03088

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/378396-overview

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/horseshoe-kidney

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_kidney

Rim único

Ver Agenesia renal

Rim e ateroesclerose

http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/12/2880.full

http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/features/your-arterial-lifeline

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/45/6/1042.full

http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/disorders/arterial-disease/renal-artery-disease
Renal Blood Supply

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_artery_stenosis

https://www.kidneyresearchuk.org/health-information/ckd-information/atherosclerotic-renovascular-disease

http://patient.info/doctor/Renal-Vascular-Disease

http://proteomesci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1477-5956-9-25

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150921112518.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245023-overview

Rins nos idosos

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/kidneys-age-related-problems

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/004010.htm

http://nihseniorhealth.gov/kidneydisease/whatiskidneydisease/01.html

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/813586

http://www.eldercarelink.com/Other-Resources/Health/kidney-failure-in-the-elderly.htm

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/753447

https://www.kidney.org/kidneydisease/aboutckd

Sindroma nefrotico

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/kidney-filtering-disorders/nephrotic-syndrome

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/nephrotic-syndrome-in-adults/Pages/facts.aspx

http://www.healthcommunities.com/nephrotic-syndrome-ns/overview-nephrotic-syndrome.shtml

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/244631-overview

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000490.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/basics/definition/con-20033385

http://www.webmd.com/cancer/tc/nephrotic-syndrome-topic-overview

http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/kidney/nephrotic-syndrome.html

Sindroma nefrótico congenito

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_nephrotic_syndrome

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001576.htm

https://www.orpha.net/data/patho/GB/uk-CNF.pdf

http://www.omim.org/entry/256300

http://www.gosh.nhs.uk/medical-information-0/search-medical-conditions/congenital-nephrotic-syndrome

http://www.nature.com/ki/journal/v58/n3/full/4491774a.html

Sindroma nefrótico em crianças

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/nephrotic-syndrome-in-children/Pages/index.aspx

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982920-overview

http://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-problems/nephrotic-syndrome/nephrotic-syndrome-in-children/

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/childns

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/basics/causes/con-20033385

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/kidney/nephrotic-syndrome.html

Sindroma nefrótico com alterações mínimas

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_change_disease

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243348-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/glomerular-disorders/minimal-change-disease

http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24095

http://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/2/3/445.full

http://www.edren.org/pages/edreninfo/minimal-change-disease.php

Sindroma urémico hemolítico

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/201181-overview

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemolytic-uremic-syndrome/basics/definition/con-20029487

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic-uremic_syndrome

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/hemolytic-uremic-syndrome-in-children-hus/Pages/facts.aspx

http://www.about-hus.com/

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/typical-hemolytic-uremic-syndrome/

http://www.medicinenet.com/hemolytic_uremic_syndrome/article.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemolytic-uremic-syndrome/basics/definition/con-20029487

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic-uremic_syndrome

https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/hematology-and-oncology/thrombocytopenia-and-platelet-dysfunction/thrombotic-thrombocytopenic-purpura-(ttp)-and-hemolytic-uremic-syndrome-(hus)

Sindromas renovasculares

http://webcorvasossangue.blogspot.pt/2014/06/hipertensao-e-hipotensao.html (hipertensão renal)

https://www.uthsc.edu/nephrology/documents/renal-syndromes-guide.pdf

http://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/renovascular-disease

http://patient.info/doctor/renal-vascular-disease

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pulmonary-renal-syndromes-1

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/diffuse-alveolar-hemorrhage-and-pulmonary-renal-syndrome/pulmonary-renal-syndrome

Transplantaçao renal

http://teccir.blogspot.pt/2014/11/transplantes.html

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/kidney-transplantation/Pages/facts.aspx

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_transplantation

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/kidneytransplant

http://www.kidneytransplant.org/?f

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/atozTopic_Brochures

http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/kidney-transplant/basics/definition/prc-20014007

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/430128-overview

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/kidney_transplant/article_em.htm

http://umm.edu/programs/transplant/services/kidney/indications-and-contraindications

https://www.kidneyresearchuk.org/health-information/kidney-transplantation

Doaçao do rim

https://www.kidney.org/transplantation/beadonor

http://umm.edu/programs/transplant/services/kidney/living-donor/faq

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/kidney-transplant/Pages/introduction.aspx

http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-transplant/Pages/Thedonationprocess.aspx

http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/transplant/news_events/media/transcripts/kidney_pancreas/what_kidney_donors_need_to_know.html

http://www.giveakidney.org/how-safe-is-donation/

https://www.organdonation.nhs.uk/faq/living-organ-donation/

http://www.kidney.ca/living-donation

Exercicio após transplante

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments_and_procedures/kidney-transplant/hic-exercise-guidelines-after-kidney-transplant

http://www.cpmc.org/advanced/kidney/news/newsletter/exercise_transplant.html~

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1242115/

http://www.livestrong.com/article/419899-post-kidney-transplant-exercises/

http://www.medpagetoday.com/Nephrology/KidneyTransplantation/25197

https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/355799

http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/content/16/1/134.long

Cuidados após o transplante

https://www.kidney.org/transplantation/transaction/TC/summer14/10-Tips-for-Transplant-Recipients

http://columbiasurgery.org/kidney-transplant/resuming-life-after-kidney-transplantation

http://transplants.ucla.edu/workfiles/adultkidney/dcbook1.pdf

http://www.uhb.nhs.uk/Downloads/pdf/PiAfterKidneyTransplant.pdf

http://www.beaumont.ie/kidneycentre-forpatients-aguide-travel

Uremia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uremia

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/blood-urea-nitrogen

http://advan.physiology.org/content/32/4/336

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245296-overview

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/kidney-failure-what-to-expect/Documents/Kidney_Failure_What_to_Expect_508.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uremia

http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/conditions/liver-kidney-and-urinary-system/a3018/kidney-failure-renal-failure-with-uraemia-or-azotaemia/

http://www.mt-pharma-america.com/media/whitepaper.pdf

Tim e vias urinarias

sábado, 23 de janeiro de 2016

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